TGF-β also plays an important, albeit complicated role in skin carcinogenesis, as it has both tumor suppressive and tumor promoting activities; loss of cytostatic TGF-β signaling is important during the early phase of carcinogenic progression, whereas TGF-β signaling may drive late stage carcinogenic events including invasion and metastasis through activation of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) [24, 25]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and neoplasm.