Moreover, bortezomib induces CTCL cell apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of the antiapoptotic genes cIAP1 and cIAP2 and the proto-oncogene Bcl3 [38] while it also suppresses the TGF-b1 cytokine leading to apoptosis and IL-8 and IL-17 expression and inhibits the CXCR4 chemokine receptor’s expression, resulting in a decreased TGF-β1-mediated CTCL cells migration [39]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.