(ii) a T2DM case-control study on Lebanese population that replicated only two (CDKAL1 and TCF7L2) of the genes implicated in European population4; and (iii) a study from the United Arab Emirates5 on an extended pedigree (consisting of 178 Arab individuals) that implicated association of KCTD8, COX7B2 and GABRA4 genes with T2DM for the first time; the implicated markers have not so far been replicated in any other population. The gene discussed is CDKAL1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.