CXCL8 and infection: Upon infection of multiple cell types, including macrophages and dendritic cells, EBOV triggers the production of inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-1020, 21, 22, while inhibiting host antiviral responses through several mechanisms including inhibition of interferon production and signaling, and apoptosis of immune cells (reviewed in ref. 23).