Our results found that diabetes- accelerated atherosclerosis is associated with an increase in IL-1β and IL-18 via the activation of NLRP3 inflammation by a process that involves the generation of ROS, and treatment with dapagliflozin prevented the diabetes-associated increase in IL-1β and IL-18 and ROS production and attenuated the accelerated development of atherosclerosis in the aortic root. This evidence concerns the gene IL18 and diabetes mellitus.