IARS1 and neoplasm: The IGF axis is a complex signaling network that is involved in many physiological and pathological processes such as mitogenesis, angiogenesis, transformation, differentiation, tissue homeostasis, and regulation of apoptosis and cell motility.76 For instance, steroids, cytokines, hormones and integrins all have been shown to regulate IRS function.77 Expression of the IRS protein can be regulated by different miRs in response to both mitogenic and metabolic.78, 79, 80, 81 MiR-126 is highly expressed in ECs, and has been shown to be secreted into the tumor surrounding milieu.82, 83