Post hoc Games-Howell test, equal variances not assumed, revealed significant difference between the KH group and early stage CKDu for both the IGFBP1 gene (p = 0.012) and the KIM1 gene (p = 0.003), and KH group and late stage CKDu and late stage CKD for the GSTM1 gene (p = 0.021 and p = 0.030). Here, IGFBP1 is linked to chronic kidney disease.