Our own studies indicate that therapeutic intervention with NK-1R antagonists can limit neuroinflammation, reactive gliosis and demyelination in a mouse model of streptococcal meningitis (Chauhan et al., 2011) while other groups have shown efficacy of these agents in animal models of MS (Nessler et al., 2006; Reinke et al., 2006). Here, TACR1 is linked to streptococcal meningitis.