GAS5 and colorectal carcinoma: Using stable GAS5 over-expression and knockdown cell lines, we performed RT-qPCR for several types of cytokines, including TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-10, IL-11, IL-17A, IFNA1 and VEGF-A, all of which are highly involved in CRC tumourigenesis.