STAT3 and heart failure: Furthermore, several pathways previously shown to play a role in the development of heart failure are differentially dysregulated in pediatric RCM including; janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway (JAK2, STAT3, MYC, OSMR, and IL4R) (Fig. 2B), and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) pathway (INHBA, TNF, RUNX2, RUNX3, LEF1, and STAT3) (Fig. 2C)24, 25.