It is well known that EMT in renal TECs and renal fibrosis induced by hypoxia is closely related to the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, as inhibition of PI3K activation attenuated ECM accumulation while the inhibition of Akt resulted in decrease of myofibroblast markers in obstructive nephropathy 95, 96. The gene discussed is AKT1; the disease is renal fibrosis.