Since the frequency of deformity was much higher (90%) in the knockdown males produced from the ERR-TRiP line, experiments involving immunolocalization of germ and cyst cell markers in testes, sperm production and sperm storage were performed using these knockdown males (testes-GAL4/ERR-TRiP) and their genetically matched controls (Sb/ERR-TRiP). The gene discussed is LGALS4; the disease is cyst.