CXCL8 and infection: As observed for IBDV infection in macrophages [10] and DF-1 cells [13], the present study also demonstrated that neutrophil chemotactic factor IL-8 increased in DT40 cells after vvIBDV infection; furthermore, the mRNA level of transcription factor ATF2 involved in the JNK signaling pathway persistently increased from 12 h pi.