An ELISA showed that TSA pretreatment also markedly suppressed the increase in hippocampal TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels 12 h after anesthesia in adult MS rats (Fig. 7b–d; TNF-α, t = 8.564, P < 0.001 DMSO versus TSA; IL-1β, t = 6.954, P < 0.001 DMSO versus TSA; IL-6, t = 3.169, P = 0.001 DMSO versus TSA). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.