IFNB1 and cancer: In this study, we found that the anti-cancer efficacy of R27T in OVCAR-3 cells was inhibited by the pan-caspase inhibitor, zVAD, which prevented R27T-mediated anti-proliferative effects (Figure 3E), and has been used to study the mechanisms underlying the effects of IFN-β in various cancer cell lines [22, 23].