The possible existence of such cancer field effects, however, remains to be investigated for AOX1, CCDC181 (C1orf114), GABRE, GAS6, HAPLN3, KLF8, MOB3B, and SLC18A2. To address this question, we performed qMSP analyses for all nine genes in histologically normal prostate biopsy samples from patients with cancer in other biopsies (AN, n = 39) vs. patients with exclusively cancer-negative biopsies (NM, n = 40). The gene discussed is CCDC181; the disease is cancer.