For example, the bHLH transcription factor OLIG2 is required for self-renewal of normal neural progenitor cells (Imayoshi and Kageyama, 2014) and is also a marker of glioblastoma TPCs (Beyeler et al., 2014; Ligon et al., 2007; Suvà et al., 2014; Trépant et al., 2015). The gene discussed is OLIG2; the disease is glioblastoma.