TGFB1 and Hyperglycemia: Treatments initiated after four weeks of hyperglycemia were able to normalize the TGF-β levels within 8 weeks (short period), but treatments initiated after 12 weeks of hyperglycemia did not reduce the TGF-β protein expression levels until the end of a 24-week period, even though the glycemic levels and renal function were normal (Fig. 2d,e and 2f).