ART4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: In this study, we enriched glycoprotein fractions in serum samples from Chinese patients with chronic HBV infection and early HCC and in serum samples from healthy controls; the serum samples were enriched by lectin affinity chromatography with Maackia amurensis lectin (MAL), which could bind with the Siaα2,3 Gal structure.