Considering AFP to be the classical serum biomarker of HCC, the serum level of AFP in these 80 early HCC patients with chronic HBV infection and 80 healthy controls was also examined, and its AUC was 0.901 (Fig. S1); the associated sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of AFP were 87.50%, 93.75% and 90.63%, respectively (Table 2). The gene discussed is AFP; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.