CFTR and cystic fibrosis: First, as compared with the levels of CFTR expression in primary HBE cultures, the levels of CFTR expression in primary cultures of human non-CF AMs are close to zero; Second, pretreatment of primary cultures of human non-CF AMs with CFTRinh-172 neither increases basal cytokine production nor potentiates LPS-induced cytokine production; Third, exposure of human non-CF AMs to SMM reproduces the robust inflammatory phenotype of human CF AMs coupled to larger XBP-1s levels.