VDR and melanoma: The aim of this experimental study was to analyze the biological effects induced by 1α-hydroxycholecalciferol (1α-OH-vitD3) in malignant melanoma models in vitro and in vivo. A panel of primary melanoma cell lines derived from patients with metastatic disease were found to constitutively express functional VDR, 25-OHase and 1α-OHase, indicating a potential vitamin D sensitivity.