IAPP and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), a 37-amino acid residue polypeptide (Figure 1(a)), has the propensity to form the oligomers and fibrils [5, 6] which are thought to be toxic to the pancreatic islet β-cells [7] and play the pathological role in the development of type II diabetes [8].