Our study showed that in the case of P. yoelii 17XNL infection, the NOD mice are unable to mount an anti-parasite antibody response, which infers our previous hypothesis that a major mechanism of immune evasion by malaria parasites relies on suppression of B-cell function throughout induction of parasite-specific Foxp3+ Treg cells [38]. This evidence concerns the gene FOXP3 and infection.