Using bioinformatics tools combined with molecular biological approaches and statistical methods, we made the following findings: (1) the EGR1-miR-30a-5p-NEUROD1 axis altered in patients with schizophrenia; (2) the EGR1-miR-30a-5p-NEUROD1 axis responded highly to antipsychotics treatment; and (3) the EGR1-miR-30a-5p-NEUROD1 axis possessed significantly greater diagnostic value than miR-30a-5p alone. This evidence concerns the gene NEUROD1 and schizophrenia.