In conclusion, we discovered for the first time that the EGR1-miR-30a-5p-NEUROD1 axis was altered in PBMNCS from schizophrenia patients in acute psychotic state, the axis responded well to antipsychotics treatment, and that the EGR1-miR-30a-5p-NEUROD1 axis possesses greater diagnostic value than the single miR-30a-5p. The gene discussed is NEUROD1; the disease is schizophrenia.