EGFR and lung cancer: In recent years, the molecular targets of lung cancer, especially for the main histological type non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), have been investigated, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), etc. Targeted therapy has shown promising benefits for patients who inherited mutations in these genes [8–13].