PTP4A3 and cancer: Subsequent studies revealed that PRL-3 was abundant in many cancer cell lines and metastatic lesions, including gastric cancer [5], malignant melanoma cancer [6], ovarian cancer [7], breast cancer [8], colonic cancer [9], glioma [10], multiple myeloma [11], hepatocellular carcinoma [12], intrahepatic cholangio-carcinoma [13], esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [14], lung carcinoma [15], chronic and acute myeloid leukemia [16, 17], and salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma [18].