Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) inhibit P2X7-induced NLRP3 activation in a model of age-related macular degeneration [62], whilst Daniels et al. [63] showed that the fenamate non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) mefenamic acid is a specific NLRP3 inhibitor and is effective in rodent models of Alzheimer’s disease. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.