Conversely, activation of canonical NF-κB signaling protects several intracellular pathogens including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Dhiman et al., 2007), Bartonella henselae (Kempf et al., 2005), Chlamydia pneumonia (Wahl et al., 2001), Rickettsia rickettsii (Clifton et al., 1998), and L. pneumophila (Abu-Zant et al., 2007) from cell death. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is pneumonia caused by chlamydia.