NPPA and nervous system disorder: The striatal region (a component of the basal ganglia) was chosen because it harbors abundant viral replication and demonstrates hallmarks of HIV-associated neurological disease in both HIV and SIV infection, likely in part due to the striatum’s susceptibility to the neurotoxic KP metabolites 3HK and QUIN, as well as other sources of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity (33–36).