Evidence from intensive research in the field of diabetes shows that GLUT4 traffics between the plasma membrane and intracellular vesicles (termed GLUT4-storage vesicles, GSVs) and that this activity is regulated by the PI3k/Akt pathway in an insulin-responsive manner [14] or by the AMPK pathway [15] in response to muscle contraction. This evidence concerns the gene SLC2A4 and diabetes mellitus.