These results suggest that serum resistin could play a role as an indicator of disease severity and/or degeneration in patients with hepatitis B. Moreover, high serum levels of IL-1, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 but not IL-23 were detected in CHB, LC-B, and LF-B patients. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and hepatitis B virus infection.