TGFB1 and rectal carcinoma: The second role of the TGF-β signaling pathway, which is associated with greater metastatic potential, includes SNPs in BMPs, RUNX, SMAD3, and NFκB1. In this current study, we show that some of our previously observed SNPs associated with survival, play a role in differential miRNA expression between normal mucosa, colon, and rectal carcinoma tissues.