TNF-α rs1041981 was associated with a higher risk of AIDS-related NHL without considering a CD4 count change, but the association did not hold after adjusting for the rate of the change in CD4 count.[18] In the present study, both TNF-α rs1041981 and TNF-α rs2229094 minor alleles are associated with a higher risk of NHL, particularly DLBCL, and the findings need to be tested in a larger study. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.