Hyperglycemia mediates tissue damage by inducing nonenzymatic glycosylation that generates advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs; the cross-link with collagen I contributes to microvascular complications), activation of protein kinase C (PKC; activates vasodilatory prostanoids which contributes to glomerular hyperfiltration, as well as TGF-β1), and acceleration of the aldose reductase pathway. Here, TGFB1 is linked to Hyperglycemia.