In the sepsis cohort no significant differences in sBTLA or sPD-1 concentrations were observed related to focus of infection, between community- or hospital-acquired infection (p = 0.6 for sBTLA, p = 0.9 for sPD-1 at baseline) or between patients with or without leukopenia (n = 18) (p = 0.5 for sBTLA, p = 0.2 for sPD-1). Here, HOXD13 is linked to nosocomial infection.