PARP1 and cancer: Recently a meta-analysis including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of PARP inhibitors in cancer has shown that such agents significantly improve the PFS of overall included population, and that such benefit was even greater in the subgroup of patients harboring BRCA 1/2 mutations, but failed to improve OS of cancer patients [12], and this need to be taken into account to optimize the design of further clinical studies.