NOS3 and Insulin resistance: Both lipotoxicity and insulin resistance contribute to increased oxidative stress (OxS) in the endothelium, leading to enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by various isoforms of NADPH oxidase (Nox) and reduced nitric oxide (NO) production and bioavailability, consequent to lower expression and/or uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) as well as increased reactivity with superoxide (O2∙−) [8].