Based on the described interactions between inflammation, ROS and oxidative damage, this study aimed to assess the association between IBD (CD and UC) and polymorphisms in the antioxidant genes SOD2 (rs4880, c.47T>C, Val16Ala) and GPX1 (rs1050450, c.596C>T, Pro198Leu). This evidence concerns the gene GPX1 and inflammatory bowel disease.