NOD2 and inflammatory bowel disease: Cumulative evidences support the concept that deficiencies of innate immune cell functions, principally due to the three major mutations in the NOD2 gene, represent a crucial key in CD and may help distinguish it from UC [15, 19].On the other side, serological and fecal biomarkers, although have the potential to become cornerstones of predictive models for monitoring the course of IBD, have been inconsistent in distinguishing either patients with CD or UC or in determining the different intestinal location of CD [20].