In addition, at a post-transcriptional level, members of the human cytidine deaminase APOBEC3 family, involved in the response against viral infection, inhibit the activity of L1 retrotransposons (Bogerd et al. 2006; Kinomoto et al. 2007; Lovsin and Peterlin 2009; Richardson et al. 2014). The gene discussed is CDA; the disease is viral infectious disease.