In a study of ventilated preterm infants, the IFN-γ and IP-10 TA levels were higher within the first 48 h of life in infants that developed BPD or died [80,81], suggesting that increases in IFN-γ and IP-10 levels precede neutrophil infiltration and could therefore represent critical early response molecules in the development of BPD [82], similar to what has been suggested for ARDS [22]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.