It was reported that interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) were increased within the first 10 days of life in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of preterm infants who later developed BPD as compared to those who did not [13–19]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to bronchopulmonary dysplasia.