Based on the similar pathological mechanism of CDK5 hyperactivity in AD, PD, and ischemia, as well as the specific neuroprotection provided by TFP5, we designed this study to determine the efficacy of TFP5 in adult rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) by assessing ischemic size, excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, astrocyte and blood-brain barrier (BBB) status. Here, CDK5 is linked to ischemia.