Besides revealing that MMP-9 inhibition augments the proliferation of satellite cells and changes the immune cell milieu as well as expression of significant ligands, receptors, and signaling pathways, this group showed that inhibition of MMP-9 dramatically improves the engraftment of transplanted myoblasts in skeletal muscle of mdx mice (a mouse model of DMD) [42]. This evidence concerns the gene MMP9 and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.