IL17A and hepatitis B virus infection: Lemmers et al. [11] and Ye et al. [12] respectively report that the IL-17A pathway involves in human alcoholic liver disease and hepatitis B. Meng et al. [13] and Tan et al. [14] indicate that IL-17A induces hepatic fibrosis via a direct activation of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) in patients with HBV and mouse models of liver fibrosis.