CD38 expression varies in CLL and there is evidence that CD38 expression is induced in so-called pseudofollicles, the proliferative compartment of CLL.[4] Analysis of CD38 gene polymorphisms revealed a functional link with CLL disease progression and the risk of Richter transformation.[5] Furthermore, high CD38 expression is associated with a poor response to chemotherapy and reduced survival.[1] In recent years, CD38 has also been recognized as a potential therapeutic target. Here, CD38 is linked to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.