IGFBP2 and melanoma: Das et al. reported that secreted IGFBP2 interactes with αVβ3 integrin, activates the phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway, then leads to the upregulation of the proangiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and ultimately triggers angiogenesis in melanoma [29].