NPPB and inappropriate ADH syndrome: In our previous study, we proposed that inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (SIADH) was a major cause of persistent hyponatremia in HIV patients.[13] Moreover, renin could enhance HIV replication in T cells in a dose-dependent manner.[14] In HIV patients, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is helpful for assessing body fluid volumes and is also a valuable marker of cardiac dysfunction.[15] This article prospectively evaluates the hormonal profile of HIV patients and focuses on how hormones may affect disease prognosis.