TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: In this study, we found that swimming attenuated DSS-induced colon shortening, decrease of crypt depth, colonic barrier disruption, spleen swelling, LDH release in blood, decrease in body weight (BW) gain, histopathological deteriation, the increases in fecal biomarkers of IBD, and the immigration of Ly6G+ neutrophils and TNF-α- and IFN-γ-expressing CD3+ T cells into mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and the lamina propria (LP).