AQP5 and acute respiratory distress syndrome: In this study, we developed the bilateral nephrectomy (BNx)-induced AKI rat model to examine the involvement of a typical oxidative stress-inducing uremic toxin, IS, in the dysregulation of the pulmonary predominant water channel, AQP-5, and elucidate the toxico-physiological role of IS as a mediator involved in renopulmonary crosstalk in the pathogenesis of ALI.