Moreover, Hams et al. also found elevated levels of IL-25 and ILC2 in the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (105, 106), whereas others described a role for ILC2 and ILC3 in fibroblast activation providing a mechanistic link between ILC and fibrotic diseases (102). This evidence concerns the gene CCL27 and pulmonary fibrosis.